很(hen)多(duo)從事(shi)土木工(gong)程的(de)學生畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)后反饋好工(gong)作難找(zhao)，去工(gong)地(di)辛苦，收入不(bu)高(gao)，連找(zhao)老婆都難。為什(shen)么(me)那么(me)多(duo)人(ren)在大學學習土木工(gong)程專業(ye)(ye)，知道將(jiang)來(lai)從事(shi)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)這(zhe)(zhe)些困苦在所難免(mian)，那為什(shen)么(me)明知山有虎(hu)，偏向虎(hu)山行(xing)呢(ni)?現在是(shi)不(bu)是(shi)有人(ren)開始后悔讀這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)專業(ye)(ye)呢(ni)？說到底這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)當初是(shi)哪些吸引(yin)了(le)你呢(ni)？

下(xia)面讓我們一起走(zou)進土木工(gong)程的前景中去，做最好的土木人。

1、工(gong)程技術方(fang)向

代表(biao)職(zhi)位(wei):施工(gong)(gong)員(yuan)、建筑工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)、結(jie)構工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)、技術(shu)經理、項目經理等。

代(dai)表行業:建筑施工企業、房地產開(kai)發企業、路(lu)橋施工企業等。

就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)前景:就(jiu)(jiu)像我們看到(dao)身(shen)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)樓(lou)大廈正在不(bu)(bu)斷地(di)拔地(di)而起、一(yi)(yi)條條寬闊(kuo)平坦的(de)(de)(de)(de)大道(dao)向(xiang)四(si)面八方不(bu)(bu)斷延伸一(yi)(yi)樣(yang),土(tu)木建筑行業(ye)(ye)對工程技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求也(ye)隨(sui)之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)斷增長.2004年進(jin)入各個(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才市(shi)場招聘工程技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)共(gong)涉及(ji)到(dao)100多個(ge)行業(ye)(ye),其(qi)中(zhong)在很多城市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才市(shi)場上(shang),房(fang)屋和(he)土(tu)木工程建筑業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才需(xu)求量已經(jing)躍居第(di)一(yi)(yi)位(wei).隨(sui)著經(jing)濟發展和(he)路網(wang)改造、城市(shi)基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施建設(she)工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷深入,土(tu)建工程技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)在當前和(he)今后(hou)一(yi)(yi)段時期(qi)內需(xu)求量還將不(bu)(bu)斷上(shang)升.再(zai)加(jia)上(shang)路橋和(he)城市(shi)基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)更(geng)新換代,只要人(ren)(ren)(ren)才市(shi)場上(shang)沒(mei)有出現過度飽(bao)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況,可以(yi)說土(tu)木工程技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)一(yi)(yi)直有著不(bu)(bu)錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)前景.

典(dian)型職業(ye)通路:施工(gong)員(yuan)/技術員(yuan)-工(gong)程(cheng)師/工(gong)長(chang)、標段(duan)負(fu)責人-技術經(jing)理-項(xiang)目經(jing)理/總(zong)工(gong)程(cheng)師.

年薪參考:施工(gong)(gong)員/技術員:1.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)~2.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan);工(gong)(gong)長:2.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)~4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan);技術質量管(guan)理(li)經(jing)(jing)理(li):4.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)~7萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan);項目經(jing)(jing)理(li):5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)~10萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)。

專家建議:隨著我(wo)國(guo)(guo)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)認證(zheng)(zheng)制度的(de)不斷完善,土(tu)(tu)建行業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)人員不但需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)精通(tong)專業(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)和技(ji)術(shu),還需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)得必要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)證(zheng)(zheng)書.工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)人員的(de)相關執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)認證(zheng)(zheng)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)有全(quan)國(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)、二級(ji)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)建筑師、全(quan)國(guo)(guo)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)土(tu)(tu)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師、全(quan)國(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)、二級(ji)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)結構工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師等(deng).需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)的(de)是(shi),這些(xie)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)認證(zheng)(zheng)均需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)定年限的(de)相關工(gong)(gong)(gong)作經驗才能報考(kao),因此土(tu)(tu)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專業(ye)(ye)的(de)畢業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)即(ji)使(shi)走上(shang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作崗(gang)位(wei)后(hou)也(ye)要(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)結構的(de)更新,盡早報考(kao)以取(qu)得相關的(de)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge).想要(yao)(yao)(yao)從事工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)大(da)學生(sheng),在(zai)實習中可選擇建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)地上(shang)的(de)測(ce)量、建材、土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)及路(lu)橋(qiao)標(biao)段的(de)路(lu)基、路(lu)面、小橋(qiao)、涵洞的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、測(ce)量工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。

2、設計、規(gui)劃及預算方向

代表職位:項目設計師、結構審核(he)、城市規(gui)劃師、預(yu)算員、預(yu)算工程師等。

代表行(xing)業(ye):工程(cheng)勘察設(she)計單位、房地產開發(fa)企業(ye)、交通或類(lei)機(ji)關職能部(bu)門(men)、工程(cheng)造價(jia)、咨詢機(ji)構等.

就業(ye)前景(jing):各種(zhong)勘察(cha)設(she)計(ji)院(yuan)對工(gong)程設(she)計(ji)人員的(de)需求近(jin)年來持續增長(chang),城市(shi)規劃(hua)作為一種(zhong)新興(xing)職業(ye),隨(sui)著(zhu)城市(shi)建設(she)的(de)不(bu)斷深入,也需要更多的(de)現代(dai)化設(she)計(ji)規劃(hua)人才.隨(sui)著(zhu)咨(zi)詢業(ye)的(de)興(xing)起,工(gong)程預決算(suan)(suan)等建筑行業(ye)的(de)咨(zi)詢服務人員也成為土建業(ye)內新的(de)就業(ye)增長(chang)點(dian).典型職業(ye)通路:預算(suan)(suan)員-預算(suan)(suan)工(gong)程師(shi)-高(gao)級咨(zi)詢師(shi).

年薪參考:預算員(yuan):1.5萬(wan)(wan)~3萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan);預算工程師(shi):2.5萬(wan)(wan)~6萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan);城市規(gui)劃(hua)師(shi):4萬(wan)(wan)~7萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan)；建(jian)筑設計師(shi):4萬(wan)(wan)~10萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan);總建(jian)筑設計師(shi):25萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan)以上.

專家建(jian)(jian)(jian)議:此(ci)類職(zhi)位所(suo)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)不僅是要(yao)(yao)精通(tong)專業知識,更要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)大(da)局觀和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經驗(yan)(yan).一般(ban)情況下(xia)來說,其薪酬與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經驗(yan)(yan)成正比.以(yi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)師(shi)(shi)為例,現(xian)代建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)還(huan)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)環保(bao)和(he)(he)可持續發展,這些都需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)師(shi)(shi)擁有扎(zha)實的(de)(de)(de)功底以(yi)及(ji)廣博的(de)(de)(de)閱歷,同時善于學(xue)習(xi),并(bing)在實踐(jian)中(zhong)去(qu)體會.目(mu)前,市場上對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)人(ren)才(cai)大(da)多(duo)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)5年以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經驗(yan)(yan),具有資質,并(bing)擔(dan)任過(guo)大(da)型住宅或建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程開發的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji).此(ci)類職(zhi)位也(ye)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)取(qu)得(de)相應的(de)(de)(de)執業資格證(zheng)書,如建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)通(tong)過(guo)國(guo)家組(zu)織的(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)師(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)業資格考試拿到(dao)《注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)師(shi)(shi)資格證(zheng)書》才(cai)能上崗,預(yu)(yu)算(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)取(qu)得(de)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)造價(jia)師(shi)(shi)或預(yu)(yu)算(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)資格.另(ling)外(wai),從事(shi)此(ci)類職(zhi)業還(huan)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)全(quan)方面地加強自(zi)身修養,如需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)熟悉電腦操作(zuo)和(he)(he)維護,能熟練(lian)運用CAD繪制(zhi)各種工(gong)(gong)(gong)程圖(tu)以(yi)及(ji)用P3編制(zhi)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)生產(chan)計(ji)(ji)劃等,有的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)位如建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)師(shi)(shi)還(huan)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)對(dui)人(ren)類學(xue)、美(mei)學(xue)、史(shi)學(xue),以(yi)及(ji)不同時代不同國(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)精華有深刻的(de)(de)(de)認(ren)知,并(bing)且要(yao)(yao)能融會貫通(tong),鍛造出自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)風格.這些都需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)從學(xue)生時代開始積累自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)文化(hua)底蘊(yun).實習(xi)時應盡量選取(qu)一些相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)單位和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),如房地產(chan)估價(jia)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程預(yu)(yu)算(suan)、等。

3、質量監督及工程(cheng)監理方向

代(dai)表(biao)職位:監(jian)理工程(cheng)(cheng)師代(dai)表(biao)行業(ye):建筑、路橋監(jian)理公(gong)司、工程(cheng)(cheng)質量檢測(ce)監(jian)督(du)部門(men).

就(jiu)業前(qian)景:工(gong)程監(jian)(jian)理是近年(nian)來(lai)(lai)新(xin)興的一(yi)個職業,隨著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)我(wo)國(guo)對(dui)建筑、路橋施(shi)工(gong)質量監(jian)(jian)管的日益規(gui)范,監(jian)(jian)理行業自誕生以來(lai)(lai)就(jiu)面臨(lin)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)空(kong)前(qian)的發展機(ji)遇(yu),并且隨著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)國(guo)家工(gong)程監(jian)(jian)理制度的日益完善有(you)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)更加廣闊的發展空(kong)間.典型(xing)職業通路:監(jian)(jian)理員-資料員-項目直接負責人(ren)-專(zhuan)業監(jian)(jian)理工(gong)程師-總監(jian)(jian)理工(gong)程師.

年(nian)薪參考:現場監(jian)(jian)理員:1.8萬(wan)~2.5萬(wan)元(yuan);項目直接負責人:2.5萬(wan)~4萬(wan)元(yuan);專業(ye)監(jian)(jian)理工程師(shi):3萬(wan)~5萬(wan)元(yuan);總監(jian)(jian)理工程師(shi):4萬(wan)~8萬(wan)元(yuan)。

專(zhuan)家建(jian)議:監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)行業(ye)(ye)是一(yi)個(ge)新興行業(ye)(ye),因(yin)此(ci)也是一(yi)個(ge)與(yu)(yu)執業(ye)(ye)資格(ge)制度(du)結(jie)合得(de)(de)相當緊密的(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye),其職位的(de)(de)晉升與(yu)(yu)個(ge)人(ren)資質的(de)(de)取(qu)(qu)得(de)(de)密切相關.一(yi)般來說,監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)員(yuan)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)(qu)得(de)(de)省(sheng)(sheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)員(yuan)上崗證(zheng),項目(mu)直接負責(ze)人(ren)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)(qu)得(de)(de)省(sheng)(sheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)或監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)員(yuan)上崗證(zheng),工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經(jing)(jing)驗豐(feng)富、有較強的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)能力.專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)(qu)得(de)(de)省(sheng)(sheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)上崗證(zheng),總監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)(qu)得(de)(de)國家注冊監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)職業(ye)(ye)資格(ge)證(zheng)。木土(tu)工(gong)(gong)程專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)大學生想(xiang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)進入這(zhe)個(ge)行業(ye)(ye),在校期間(jian)就可以參加省(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)路(lu)系統(tong)、建(jian)筑(zhu)系統(tong)舉辦的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)培訓班,通過(guo)考試后取(qu)(qu)得(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)員(yuan)上崗證(zheng),此(ci)后隨工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)經(jing)(jing)驗的(de)(de)增加考取(qu)(qu)相應級別的(de)(de)執業(ye)(ye)資格(ge)證(zheng)書.在實習期間(jian),可選(xuan)擇(ze)與(yu)(yu)路(lu)橋、建(jian)筑(zhu)方向等與(yu)(yu)自己(ji)所學方向相一(yi)致的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)公(gong)司(si),從事(shi)現場監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)、測(ce)量、資料管理(li)(li)等工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

4、公務員、教學及科研方向

代(dai)表職位:公務(wu)員、教師(shi)

  代表行(xing)業:交通(tong)、市政管理部(bu)門(men)、大中專院校、科研及設計(ji)單位.

就業(ye)前景:公務員制度改革(ge)為普通大學畢業(ye)生打開(kai)了進入(ru)機(ji)關工作的(de)(de)大門,路(lu)橋(qiao)、建筑(zhu)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)飛速發展帶來的(de)(de)巨大人才(cai)需(xu)要使得(de)土(tu)木(mu)工程專業(ye)師(shi)資力量的(de)(de)需(xu)求隨之增長,但(dan)需(xu)要注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是,這(zhe)些行(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)競爭一般(ban)較為激(ji)烈,需(xu)要求職者具(ju)有較高的(de)(de)專業(ye)水平和綜合素質.

年薪參考:高校(xiao)教師:2.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)~4.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元;中等(deng)專(zhuan)業(ye)學校(xiao)教師:1.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)~3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元;普通公務員:2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)~3.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)元.

專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)建議:想(xiang)要(yao)從事此類行(xing)業(ye),一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面在(zai)校期間要(yao)學好專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)課,使自(zi)己具(ju)有較高的專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)水平(ping),另一(yi)方(fang)(fang)向特別要(yao)注(zhu)意理論(lun)知識(shi)的學習(xi)和(he)個人綜(zong)合素質(zhi)的培(pei)養(yang)。

其他

學土木(mu)的還有(you)其他就業(ye)渠道： 

（1）如(ru)大企業的基建處，就是有大企業有東(dong)西要建設(she)了(le)，需要有懂的人(ren)去規劃(hua)，和設(she)計院去協調。雖(sui)然一開始工(gong)資較高(gao)，但是學不到東(dong)西。女生(sheng)想(xiang)穩定可以(yi)去混(hun)混(hun)，男生(sheng)就別去了(le)。  

（2）一些通訊工程設(she)施(shi)、交通設(she)施(shi)的施(shi)工以(yi)及設(she)計單位(wei)，就(jiu)是造通信塔，還(huan)有路燈(deng)鋼桿(gan)的，一般是事(shi)業單位(wei)。建議同上。 

（3）工(gong)裝、道(dao)路橋(qiao)梁、暖(nuan)通、水電、園林施工(gong)的(de)(de)施工(gong)單位(wei)通常也招土木(mu)的(de)(de)進(jin)行施工(gong)管理(li)，有(you)些(xie)設計也要學土木(mu)的(de)(de)搞，這(zhe)些(xie)行業的(de)(de)專業畢業生的(de)(de)比較少。如果(guo)想在這(zhe)些(xie)單位(wei)一直干下(xia)去的(de)(de)話，收入(ru)也是不(bu)錯(cuo)的(de)(de)。